ABSTRACT
Resumen:Las dolencias de la región lumbar constituyen un problema significativo y de importancia creciente, al punto que se ha considerado como un problema de salud publica en muchos países del mundo. Estadísticas de los Estados Unidos de Norte América estiman que aproximadamente dos terceras partes de la población adulta sufrió o sufre de dolor lumbar en algún momento de su vida, lo que constituye a la lumbalgía como una de las causas más comunes de la consulta externa de medicina general y especializada. Datos aportados por Instituto Nacional de Seguros, indican que tan solo en el año 2015 se atendieron 142863 casos por dolor lumbar, lo que significó 7.2 días en promedio de incapacidad temporal por persona, lo que asciende a la suma de 1028613 días (un millón veintiocho mil seiscientos trece), de incapacidad. Además de estos 142863 afectados, 1297 requirieron no sólo de incapacidad temporal, sino también de incapacidad permanente llegando a la cifra de 4.72% en promedio por persona. Con base en estos datos se decidió tomar los casos Valorados por Riesgos del Trabajo en la Sección de Médica del Trabajo de Departamento de Medicina Legal del Organismo de Investigación Judicial, cuya dolencia fuese la Lumbalgía y analizar cuales fueron los mecanismos de trauma implicados en el génesis de su dolencia así como las repercusiones que esta tuvo en cada uno de los evaluados.
Abstract:Diseases of the lumbar region are a significant and growing problem, to the extent that it has been considered a public health problem in many countries of the world. Statistics from the United States of America estimate that approximately two-thirds of the adult population suffered or suffer from low back pain at some point in their lives, which constitutes back pain as one of the most common causes of outpatient medical practice General and specialized. Data provided by the National Institute of Insurance indicate that only in 142863 cases of lumbar pain were treated in 2015, which meant 7.2 days in average of temporary incapacity per person, which amounts to 1028613 days (one million twenty-eight One thousand six hundred thirteen), of incapacity. In addition to these 142863 affected, 1,297 required not only temporary incapacity, but also permanent disability reaching the figure of 4.72% on average per person. Based on these data it was decided to take the cases Risks of Work in the Department of Occupational Medicine of the Department of Legal Medicine of the Judicial Investigation Agency, whose condition was Lumbalgia and to analyze the mechanisms of trauma involved in the genesis Of its ailment as well as the repercussions that this one had in each one of those evaluated.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Occupational Risks , Occupational Health , Low Back Pain , Sick Leave , Costa Rica , Acute Pain , Forensic Medicine , Occupational MedicineABSTRACT
Resumen:En la actualidad con el uso generalizado de los antibióticos, la fiebre reumática ha perdido el primer puesto como causa de afección de las válvulas del corazón, cediéndolo a otras patologías como el debilitamiento del tejido de la válvula ocasionado por la degeneración mixomatosa, el acumulación de calcio en las válvulas denomina degeneración cálcica, o el hecho mismo de nacer con una válvula de forma irregular como lo es válvula aortica bivalva. Precisamente, esto da pie a la presentación del caso de un joven masculino conocido sano de 16 años de edad el cual muere de forma súbita mientraspractica el ciclismo de forma recreativa.
Summary:Today with the widespread use of antibiotics, rheumatic fever has lost first place as a cause of disease of the heart valves, ceding it to other pathologies such as the weakening of the tissue of the valve caused by myxomatous degeneration, the accumulation of calcium valves called calcific degeneration, or being born with a valve same irregular shape as bicuspid aortic valve is. Precisely, this leads to the presentation of the case of a healthy young male known 16-year- old who suddenly dies while practicing cycling recreationally.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aortic Valve , Aortic Valve Stenosis , Death, Sudden, Cardiac , Death, Sudden , Mitral ValveABSTRACT
Resumen:Las lesiones del plexo braquial son más frecuentes de lo que se pueda pensar y las padecen generalmente personas jóvenes en edad reproductiva, lo que trae consigo importante afectación a la economía no solo familiar sino también a la de la nación. Esta entidad nosológica compromete de forma grave la función del miembro superior afectado produciendo parálisis sensitiva, motora y vegetativa, en muchos de los casos se ve acompañada además de dolor neuropático intenso, lo que no redunda en la incapacidad permanente de la persona afectada, con el agravante de que los recursos terapéuticos disponibles son limitados y el pronóstico sigue siendo muy variable, con un amplio espectro de posibilidades que van desde la completa hasta la nula recuperación.
Abstract:Brachial plexus injuries are more common than you might think and usually suffer from young people of reproductive age, which brings significant effect not only to the family economy but also to the nation. This disease entity severely compromises the function of the affected upper limb producing sensory, motor and vegetative paralysis, being that in many cases is accompanied besides intense neuropathic pain, which is not in permanent disability of the person concerned, with the aggravating circumstance that the therapeutic resources are limited and prognosis is still very variable, with a wide spectrum of possibilities ranging from full recovery to zero.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Paralysis , Brachial Plexus/pathology , Upper Extremity , Accident ConsequencesABSTRACT
Abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS) and oxidative stress may impair seminal quality leading to derangements in fertility. Aim: To identify an association between abdominal obesity and markers of seminal oxidative damage in adults with MS. Material and Methods: Seventy males aged 25 to 40 years, with MS according to ATP-III criteria volunteered for this cross-sectional study. The control group included 70 healthy and normal weight adults. Semen analysis included volume, sperm concentration, motility and normal morphologic features. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were measured, fat mass was determined by bioelectrical impedance. Results: Sperm concentration and the percentage of sperms with normal motility and morphology were significantly lower in adults with MS, when compared to their healthy normal weight counterparts. Seminal levels of malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine were significantly higher among participants with MS. Significant correlations were found between WC and seminal markers of oxidative stress. Conclusions: Individuals with MS had an impaired seminal quality that may be explained, at least in part, by increased seminal oxidative damage.